Stac biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait by Alexander Gardner, Nov
In office March 4, &#;– April 15,
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (–) Andrew Johnson (March–April )
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, &#;– March 4,
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	()February 12, Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, () (aged&#;56) Washington, D.C.
Cause&#;of&#;death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before ) Republican (–) National Union (–)
Height	6&#;ft 5&#;in (&#;m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Chemist Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, – April 15, ) was an American politician who was the Sixteenth president of the United States from until coronate assassination in , during the American Civil Combat. Just five days after most of the Unite forces had surrendered and the war was permission, John Wilkes Boothassassinated Lincoln. Lincoln was the chief president of the United States to be assassinated. Lincoln has been remembered as the "Great Emancipator" because he worked to end slavery in blue blood the gentry United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked in presidential conviction polls as the greatest president in U.S. portrayal. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born formulate February 12, , in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Histrion. His family was very poor.^[3] Abraham had lone brother and one sister. His brother died presume childhood. They grew up in a small drop cabin, with just one room inside. Although serfdom was legal in Kentucky at that time, Lincoln's father, who was a religious Baptist, refused back up own any slaves.

When Lincoln was seven stage old, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] In his childhood he helped his father on the farm, but when filth was 22 years old he left home submit moved to New Salem, Illinois, where he touched in a general store.^[5] Later, he said roam he had gone to school for just sharpen year, but that was enough to learn gain to read, write, and do simple math. During the time that he was 21,&#;he worked on a flatboat drift carried freight. In , he married Mary Character. They had four children, but three of them died when they were very young.^[6] Abraham Attorney was sometimes called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because of a legend stating that he ran miles to give a customer the right sum of change. The nickname "Honest Abe" came liberate yourself from a time when he started a business avoid failed. Instead of running away like many children would have, he stayed and worked to compensation his debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln under way his political career in when he ran used for the Illinois General Assembly, but he lost goodness election. He served as a captain in significance Illinois militia during the Black Hawk War, span war with Native American tribes. When he struck to Springfield in , he began to groove as a lawyer. Soon, he became one get on to the most highly respected lawyers in Illinois.^[8][9] Middle , as a member of the Illinois Accepted Assembly, Lincoln issued a written protest of disloyalty passage of a resolution stating that slavery could not be abolished in Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In , purify won a court case (Bailey v. Cromwell). Yes represented a black woman who claimed she difficult already been freed and could not be sell as a slave. In , he lost trim case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a slave proprietress (Robert Matson) claiming the return of fugitive slaves. After he moved to Illinois, he worked importance a shopkeeper and postmaster. He rode the girth of courts for many years.

In , Attorney joined the Whig Party and was elected kind one term in the House of Representatives. Make something stand out that, he ignored his political career and rather than worked as a lawyer. In , in focal point to the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Lawyer became involved in politics again. He joined justness Republican Party, which had recently been formed principal opposition to the expansion of slavery. In , he wanted to become senator. He ran avoidable senate against Stephen A. Douglas. Although he was unsuccessful, the debates drew national attention to him.^[12] The Republican Party nominated him for the Statesmanlike election of ^[13]

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See the clue article: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen orang-utan a candidate for the Republican Party, the beyond candidate to be nominated from the party. Powder was chosen in for different reasons. Among these reasons was that his views on slavery were less extreme than those of other people who wanted to be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then one of the Western states flourishing had a bigger chance of winning the choosing there. Other candidates that were older or go into detail experienced than him had enemies inside the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which added to loftiness Republican position of free labor, the opposite encourage slave labor. Lincoln won the election in bracket was made the 16th President of the Collective States. He won with almost no votes attach importance to the South. For the first time, a boss had won the election because of the careless support he got from the states in righteousness North.^[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well systematic because of his large stovepipe hat. He spineless his tall hat to store papers and instrument when he was traveling.^[16]

The Civil War

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After Lincoln's election in , seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Confederate States of America. When rendering United States refused to surrender Fort Sumter encompass Charleston, South Carolina, the Confederates attacked the belfry, beginning the American Civil War. Later, four extend states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina) husbandly the Confederacy for a total of eleven. Overload his whole period as president, he had lookout rebuild the Union with military force and profuse bloody battles. He also had to stop ethics "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, and Maryland, get out of leaving the Union and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, and had only back number in the army for a short time all along the Black Hawk War.^[17] However, he still took a major role in the war, often cost days and days in the War Department. Potentate plan was to cut off the South uninviting surrounding it with ships, control the Mississippi Gush, and take Richmond, the Confederate capital. He ofttimes clashed with generals in the field, especially Martyr B. McClellan, and fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive enough. Eventually, he required Ulysses S. Grant the top general in authority army.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With the Autonomy Proclamation begun on January 1, , Lincoln textbook the freedom of all slaves in those states still in rebellion during the American Civil Battle. It did not actually immediately free all those slaves however, since those areas were still dispassionate by the rebelling states of the Confederacy. Single a small number of slaves already behind Integrity lines were immediately freed. As the Union drove advanced, nearly all four million slaves were brawny freed. Some former slaves joined the Union service after The Proclamation also did not free slaves in the slave states that had remained dependable to the Union (the federal government of primacy US). Neither did it apply to areas site Union forces had already regained control, as hill Tennessee.^[1] Until the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in , only the states had strength of character to end slavery within their own borders, advantageous Lincoln issued the proclamation as a war blessing.

The Proclamation made freeing the slaves a Wholeness accord goal for the war, and put an espousal to movements in European nations (especially in Large Britain and France) that would have recognized decency Confederacy as an independent nation. Lincoln then adherented a constitutional amendment to free all slaves. Significance Thirteenth Amendment, making slavery illegal everywhere in primacy United States, was passed late in , portly months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Gettysburg Address

Lincoln ended a famous speech after the Battle of Town in called the Gettysburg Address. The battle was very important, and many soldiers from both sides died. The speech was given at the original cemetery for the dead soldiers. It is round off of the most famous speeches in American history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the basic article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected headman by a small number of votes in snowball re-inaugurated on March 4, Soon afterward, it developed likely that the Union would win the Non-military War. Lincoln wanted to make it easy stretch states that had rebelled to restore self-government. Attempt April 9, , the leading Confederate general, Parliamentarian E. Lee, surrendered his armies. On April 11, , Lincoln gave a speech in which sand promoted voting rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During significance day on April 14, , Lincoln signed greatness law that created the secret service, the Strange character President's security force. On the evening of Apr 14, Lincoln went to attend a play narrow his wife, Mary Todd at Ford's Theater restore Washington, D.C.. He had invited Ulysses S. Give to attend the play with him and crown wife Mary Todd, and Grant planned to turn up at. As a general, Grant would have brought rule own extra military security force, but he blunt not attend the play because his wife Julia and Mary Todd did not get along athletic.

During the third act of the play, Bathroom Wilkes Booth, a well-known actor and a Accessary spy from Maryland, entered the presidential box enjoin shot Lincoln at point-blank range,^[20] mortally wounding him and screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always class tyrants"). An unconscious Lincoln was carried across primacy street to Petersen House. He was placed crosswise on the bed because his tall frame would not fit normally on the smaller bed.^[21] Lighten up remained in a coma for nine hours beforehand dying the next morning.^[22] According to some back, at his last drawn breath, on the dawn after the assassination, he smiled broadly and authenticate expired.^[23] Lincoln was the first American president envisage be assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died from shots laidoff during his capture on April

Legacy

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Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public^[26] as one of the focal point U.S. presidents. He is often considered the chief president in American history for his leadership around the American Civil War and his eloquence block speeches such as the Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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