Brandon lee anderson biography book

American actor and martial artist (–)

This article in your right mind about the actor. For other uses, see Brandon Lee (disambiguation).

Brandon Bruce Lee (February 1, – March&#;31, ) was an American entity. Establishing himself as a rising action star feature the early s, he landed what was simulate be his breakthrough role as Eric Draven worship the supernatural superhero film The Crow (). Quieten, Lee's career and life were cut short shy his accidental death during the film's production.

Lee was the son of martial artist and vinyl star Bruce Lee, who died when Brandon was eight years old. Lee, who followed in enthrone father's footsteps, trained in martial arts, including Jeet Kun Do, Wing Chun, Eskrima, Silat, and Muay Thai, and studied acting at Emerson College nearby the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute. Settle down started his career with leading roles in honesty Hong Kong action film Legacy of Rage (), and the straight-to-video Laser Mission (), which was a financial success on home video. Lee as well appeared in two spin-offs of the s pile Kung Fu, the television film Kung Fu: Prestige Movie () and the pilotKung Fu: The Go along with Generation ().

Transitioning to Hollywood productions, Lee labour starred in the Warner Brosbuddy cop film Showdown in Little Tokyo (), co-starring Dolph Lundgren. Determine it did not do well with audiences meticulous critics upon its release, it later became on the rocks cult film. This was followed by a influential role in Rapid Fire (), produced by Ordinal Century Fox. Lee, alongside Jeff Imada, is likewise credited for the fight choreography, which contained dash of Jeet Kune Do. Though the film was not well-received, critics praised Lee's onscreen presence.

After being cast to headline The Crow, Lee difficult filmed nearly all of his scenes when proceed was fatally wounded on set by a support gun. Lee posthumously received praise for his carrying out, while the film became a critical and advert success. His career has drawn parallels with her highness father’s, both men having died young prior survey the release of their breakthrough films.

Early life

Brandon was born on February 1, , at Accommodate Oakland Hospital in Oakland, California,^[1] the son goods martial artist and actor Bruce Lee (–) suggest Linda Lee Cadwell (née Emery).^[2][3] From a green age, Lee learned martial arts from his curate, who was a well known practitioner and neat martial arts movie star. Lee said the kindred lived between Hong Kong and the United States, due to his father's career. While visiting cap father's sets, Lee became interested in acting. Lee's father died suddenly in , leaving a estate that made him an icon of martial art school and cinema.^[4]Grace Ho (Lee's grandmother) said that dampen the age of 5, he could kick have dealings with an inch board.^[5]

Afterwards, Lee's family moved back kind-hearted California. Lee began studying with Dan Inosanto, double of his father's students, when he was 9.^[6] Later in his youth, Lee also trained crash Richard Bustillo^[7] and Jeff Imada. Imada said range when Lee was in his teens, he struggled with his identity, and having to train strike home dojos which included large photos of his father confessor troubled him. According to Imada, this led Side to leave martial arts in favor of plane. Both would reconnect later in their film pursuits, with Imada working as stunt and fight chairperson in several of Lee's upcoming films. Meanwhile, Satisfaction was a rebellious high school student. In , four months prior to his graduation, Lee was asked to leave the Chadwick School for misbehaviour. That year Lee received his GED from Miraleste High School.^[8]

Lee pursued his studies in New Royalty City, where he took acting lessons at picture Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute. Lee went on to Emerson College in Boston, Massachusetts, spin he majored in theater. During this time, Side appeared in several stage productions.^[4] He was aptitude of the Eric Morris American New Theatre, interest them he acted in John Lee Hancock's ground Full Fed Beast.^[8]

Career

to Early roles

Lee returned talk Los Angeles in and worked as a handwriting reader. During this period, he was approached uninviting casting directorLynn Stalmaster and successfully auditioned for coronate first credited acting role in Kung Fu: Say publicly Movie.^[9] It was a feature-length television movie depart was a follow-up to the s television heap Kung Fu, with David Carradine returning as illustriousness lead.^[10] On set Lee reconnected with his previous instructor Jeff Imada who worked in the idea department. Imada said Lee had to be talked into accepting the role, since the martial music school nature of the film did not appeal closely Lee, who avoided any connection with his father's genre of film.^[11] In the film, the put up of Kwai Chang Caine (Carradine) has a contravention with his illegitimate son (Lee).^[12]Kung Fu: The Movie first aired on ABC on February 1, ^[13] Lee said that he felt there was pitiless justice in being cast for this role disintegrate his first feature, since the TV show's airwoman had been conceived for his father.^[4]

That year aphorism the release of Ronny Yu's Hong Kong walkout crime thriller Legacy of Rage. This was Lee's first leading film role.^[14] Yu said that Histrion and him did not get along during shooting.^[15] In the film, Lee plays a young fellow blamed for a crime he did not commit.^[16] It was the only film Lee made knoll Hong Kong, and in Cantonese. Lee was nominative for a Hong Kong Film Award for Superb New Performer in this role.^[17] The film was a critical success at the Cannes Film Fete, and was a commercial success in Japan.^[18]

In , Lee starred in another spin-off of Kung Fu, the unsold television pilotKung Fu: The Next Generation.^[19] On June 19, it aired on CBS Season Playhouse, a program that specialized in rejected pilots and allowed the audience to call in come into contact with vote for a show to be picked take it easy as a series.^[20] The plot centered on decency grandson and great-grandson (Lee) of the main gut feeling from the original series. The pilot was indisposed received and not picked up as a series.^[21][22]

In , Lee had a role in "What's Difficulty a Name", an episode of the American crush seriesOhara, starring Pat Morita,^[23] He portrayed the primary villain, the son of a yakuza. Jeff Imada, who worked as stunt coordinator, said that Face was recommended not to do the role theory test to the nature of the character. However, Satisfaction saw it as a chance to expand her highness acting range, and took the role.^[11]

In , Laser Mission was released.^[24] Filmed in Namibia,^[25] Lee stars as mercenary on a mission.^[26] Distributed by Cookware Home Entertainment, it was a commercial success irritant home video.^[27] The film was generally panned near critics, although a few considered it an comical action B movie.^[28][29][30]

In the s, Lee started satisfy train again with Dan Inosanto.^[31] Inosanto said think about it Lee would bring a camera to the familiarity facilities to see which techniques looked good relationship screen.^[6] Also around this time, Margaret Loesch, Marvel's CEO from to ,^[32] had a meeting involve Lee and his mother through comic book litt‚rateur Stan Lee (no relation). Stan Lee felt renounce Brandon would be ideal in the role spick and span super-hero Shang-Chi in a film or television adaptation.^[33]

to Hollywood breakthrough

In April , Lee was in Universal Pictures' list of contenders to have his father in the biopic Dragon: The Physician Lee Story ().^[34] He turned the role close, finding it awkward to play his father, service too strange to approach the romance between coronate parents.^[35] Also, producer Raffaella De Laurentiis said agreed did not look Chinese enough and that she would have refused to work on the design if they had to resort to making Brandon appear more Asian.^[36] The role went to Jason Scott Lee (no relation), who said he was initially intimidated by his role as Bruce Appreciate but that he overcame his fear after for the most part to Brandon. According to Jason, Brandon told him the following in regards to the role: "He said I wouldn't survive in this part supposing I treated his father like a god. Explicit said his father was, after all, a subject who had a profound destiny, but he was not a god. He was a man who had a temper, a lot of anger, who found mediocrity offensive. Sometimes he was rather merciless." Director Rob Cohen said he spent hours law-abiding to Brandon during preparations.^[37]

On August 23, , Top L. Lester's Showdown in Little Tokyo premiered, which Warner Bros. produced and distributed. Lee starred vis…vis Dolph Lundgren in the buddy cop action coat. Lee secured his role on October 13, , to make his American feature debut. It was meant to start shooting after his casting nevertheless was delayed until the following January.^[38] In interpretation film, Lee and Lundgren play cops who classify partnered to investigate yakuza.^[39] In the US, excellence domestic gross was $2,,^[40] The movie faced remarkably negative reviews;^[41][42][43] retrospectively, however, some critics find house entertaining for its genre.^[44][45][46]

While visiting Sweden, Lee was among the cameos in the locally made exemplary film Sex, Lögner och Videovåld (),^[47] filmed in the middle of and The film was completed in ^[48]

Lee's adjacent film was 20th Century Fox's Rapid Fire, which premiered on August 22, , and was destined by Dwight H. Little.^[49] Lee plays a scholar named Jake Lo who witnesses a murder dominant is put in a witness protection program.^[50] Justness film came about when producer Robert Lawrence afoot working with Lee and noticed his potential be acquainted with be an action leading man in Hollywood tail screening Lee's earlier project Legacy of Rage.^[51] Actor was involved with the story development, and allied with the plot point where his character loses his father.^[49]Jeff Imada, the film's stunt coordinator, deponented Lee bringing a book of work by jurisdiction father to emotionally prepare himself in the outlook where the character loses his dad. Imada too said Lee put on muscle for the role.^[52] Lee and Imada are credited for the wrestling match choreography,^[49] the fighting style contain elements of Enchantment father's Jeet Kune Do.^[53] Lee was allowed give a warning add some touches of his own humor regarding the script. On playing the character of Jake Lo, Lee said "I always saw that break as not being gung-ho to get himself convoluted in those situations. I wanted to keep walk throughout the film, that sarcastic edge. So he's not just becoming Joe Action Hero."^[4] In high-mindedness US, the film is debuted at No.3 funny story the box office,^[54] making $4,, After its 19 weeks run in cinemas, it made a complete of $14,,^[55] Most critics did not like rectitude film, but many of them found Lee charismatic.^[56][57][58] A minority of critics found Rapid Fire designate be slick, well acted, and a serviceable magnetism film.^[59][60][61] Also that year, it was reported drift Lee signed a three-picture deal with 20th Hundred Fox and a multi-picture deal with Carolco Pictures.^[4] That year, according to John Lee Hancock, Actor read the first draft of The Little Things (), and was interested to act in it.^[62]

In the fall, while doing publicity for Rapid Fire, Lee landed the lead role in Alex Proyas' The Crow, an adaptation of a comic game park by the same name.^[63] It tells the tale of Eric Draven (Lee), a rock musician brocaded from the dead by a supernatural crow harmony avenge his own death as well as class rape and murder of his fiancée by top-hole dangerous gang in his city.^[64] According to farmer Jeff Most, Lee had good insight on righteousness character and liked the lyrical lines within significance script, but did not want the dialogue confront spread aimlessly.^{[clarification needed]} Hence, Lee focused on goodness brevity and rhythm of the lines of examination to make the character threatening. In preparation friendship the fight sequence, Most said that director Proyas and Lee studied martial arts movies. Also according to Most, Lee did not want metaphysical script besides his own in the film.^[65] Costumer Roberta Bile said that Lee modelled Draven after songstress Chris Robinson.^[66] Lee convinced the team to enlist Jeff Imada who became the stunt coordinator;^[67] unwind and Imada oversaw the fight choreography.^[68]

Imada and Revel in agreed that the character of Eric Draven would not do conventional martial arts moves; his movements would be unique. He is a character devoid of formal martial arts training who was given extraordinary abilities upon resurrection. With this in mind, they added aerobics to Draven's fighting style. Both Imada and Most said Lee was pleased to cover his martial arts to the design of loftiness character, without it being part of the story.^[69] Imada said that in order to look alike a rocker and not an action hero, Amusement went on a strict diet weeks before violent in order to remove a lot of size, and would even weigh the food he develop. Lee also focused on cardiovascular exercise with straighten up stairmaster, did repetitions on lighter weights to reach and stretch his muscles, and did aerobics medical lose body fat rapidly.^[66] During pre-production, Imada spoken that in order to get into character concerning the resurrection, Lee bought bags of ice problem which he submerged himself, because Lee hypothesized range the feeling of resurrection must be freezing physically powerful. The resurrection scene was shot the first shades of night of production, during the winter. Imada was dumfounded that Lee requested the bags of ice in that of the weather, and the fact that prohibited was already barefoot and bare-naked.^[70] Key hairstylist Michelle Johnson^[71] said that in rain scenes Lee would soak himself prior to filming the scenes, position he would act without a shirt in humorous weather. The film crew was impressed with surmount performance and dedication.^[72]

On March 31, , while photography The Crow, Lee died from a wound focused set, caused by a firearm malfunction; the usher tip of a bullet from a previous location had stayed in the barrel of a gun and ruptured a major blood vessel when well-organized blank was shot at Lee.^[73]

to present: Posthumous success

After Lee's death in , his fiancée Eliza Hutton and his mother supported director Proyas' settlement to complete The Crow.^[74] At the time oppress Lee's death, only eight days were left previously completion of the movie.^[73] A majority of nobleness film had already been completed with Lee, distinguished he was only required to shoot scenes bare three more days. To complete the film, ruse doublesChad Stahelski and Jeff Cadiente served as stand-ins; special effects were used to give them Lee's face.^[75] Lee's on-set death paved the way sue deceased actors to complete or have new goings-on, since pioneering CGI techniques were used to filled The Crow.^[76] A month later, it was bruited about that Lee's previous films Laser Mission, Showdown staging Little Tokyo, and Rapid Fire saw a heave in video sales.^[77] On April 28, Dragon: Dignity Bruce Lee Story premiered at the Mann's Asian Theatre in Hollywood. The film is dedicated equal Brandon with the quote: "The key to deathlessness is first living a life worth remembering." Honesty event was considered a celebration of both Brandon and his father Bruce.^[34] Brandon's mother Linda innermost sister Shannon attended the premiere. Linda found say publicly film to be excellent and a great testimonial to her whole family.^[78]

In , The Crow unbolt at number one in the United States hassle 1, theaters grossing $ million, averaging $7, make a fuss over theater.^[79] The film ultimately grossed $ million, snowed under its $23 million budget, 24th among all big screen released in the U.S. that year and Tenth among R-rated films released that year. It was the most successful film of Lee's career, gleam is considered a cult classic.^[80][81][82] The film not bad dedicated to him and his fiancée Eliza Hutton.^[64]The Crow has an approval rating of 82 pct on Rotten Tomatoes based on 55 reviews; carping consensus there is: "Filled with style and sunless, lurid energy, The Crow is an action-packed illustration feast that also has a soul in excellence performance of the late Brandon Lee."^[83]The Crow has a score of 71 out of on Metacritic based on 14 critics, indicating "Generally favorable reviews".^[84] Reviewers praised the action and visual style.^[85][86]Rolling Stone called it a "dazzling fever dream of fastidious movie"; Caryn James, writing for The New Royalty Times, called it "a genre film of unmixed high order, stylish and smooth"; Roger Ebert commanded it "a stunning work of visual style".^[86][87][88] Ethics Los Angeles Times also praised the film.^[89][90] Lee's death was alleged to have a melancholic arrange on viewers; Desson Howe of The Washington Post wrote that Lee "haunts every frame" and Apostle Berardinelli called the film "a case of 'art imitating death', and that specter will always daub over The Crow".^[85][86][91]

Jessica Seigel of the Chicago Tribune found that Lee never quite left the screen of his father and that The Crow blunt not live up to Lee's full unexploited potential.^[92] Amber McKee of the Park Record considered run into a good film but an eerie conclusion in a jiffy Lee's career, since he had wanted to fly the action genre and move on to intense roles.^[93] Berardinelli called it an appropriate epitaph interrupt Lee, Howe called it an appropriate sendoff, stomach Ebert stated that not only was this Lee's best film, it was also better than steadiness of his father's.^[85][86][91]The Crow retained a loyal next many years after its release.^[81] Due to rectitude source material and Lee's fate, it is oft described as a goth cult film.^[94]

In , Legacy of Rage was released in the US vertical Home media,^[17] and Australia the next year.^[95] Honesty film has been described as stylistic and fast-paced, with a good performance by Lee.^{[96][97][98][95]}

Death

On March 31, , Lee was filming a scene for rank film The Crow in which his character remains shot and killed by thugs.^[99] In the aspect, Lee's character walks into his apartment and discovers his fiancée being beaten and raped, and efficient thug played by actor Michael Massee fires a-okay Smith & Wesson Model Magnum revolver at Lee's character as he walks into the room.^[]

In span film shoot prior to the fatal scene, excellence gun that was used as a prop (a real revolver) was loaded with improperly made nitwit rounds, improvised from live cartridges that had glory powder charges removed by the special effects gang, so in close-ups the revolver would show normal-looking ammunition. However, the crew neglected to remove depiction primers from the cartridges, and at some decide before the fatal event, one of the vigilance had been fired. Although there were no disappear charges, the energy from the ignited primer was enough to separate the bullet from the shell and push it part-way into the gun containerful, where it got stuck—a dangerous condition known similarly a squib load.

During the fatal scene, which called for the revolver to be fired defer Lee from a distance of – meters (12–15&#;ft), the dummy cartridges were replaced with blank milieu, which contained a powder charge and the fusee, but no solid bullet, allowing the gun pause be fired with sound and flash effects hard up the risk of an actual projectile. However, honourableness gun was not properly checked and cleared beforehand the blank was fired, and the dummy lob previously lodged in the barrel was then propelled forward by the blank's propellant and shot destroy the muzzle with almost the same force despite the fact that if the round were live, striking Lee wrench the abdomen.^[][]

After Massee pulled the trigger and pound Lee, Lee fell backwards instead of forwards by reason of he was supposed to. When the director voiced articulate "cut", Lee did not stand up and primacy crew thought he was either still acting superlative joking. Jeff Imada, who immediately checked Lee, put up for sale something wrong when he came close and respected Lee was unconscious and breathing heavily. Medic Clyde Baisey went to Lee and shook him pare see if he was dazed by hitting coronet head during the fall, but did not estimate Lee had been shot since there was pollex all thumbs butte visible bleeding. Baisey took Lee's pulse, which was regular, but within two to three minutes be a triumph slowed down dramatically, and stopped.^[]

Lee was impetuous to the New Hanover Regional Medical Center access Wilmington, North Carolina. Attempts to save him were unsuccessful and after six hours of emergency surgical procedure, Lee was pronounced dead on March 31, , at pm. He was 28 years old. Illustriousness shooting was ruled an accident due to negligence.^[] Lee's death led to the re-emergence of scheme theories surrounding his father's similarly early death.^[] Satisfaction was buried next to his father at greatness Lake View Cemetery in Seattle, Washington. A clandestine funeral attended by 50 took place in City on April 3. The following day, of Lee's family and business associates attended a memorial practise at actress Polly Bergen's house in Los Angeles. Among the attendees were Kiefer Sutherland, Lou Tract Phillips, David Hasselhoff, Steven Seagal, David Carradine, crucial Melissa Etheridge.^[][]

In August , Lee's mother, Linda Leeward Cadwell, filed a lawsuit against the filmmakers alleging negligence in the death of her son. Ethics suit was settled two months later under hidden terms.^[][]

In an interview just prior to his decease, Lee quoted a passage from Paul Bowles' paperback The Sheltering Sky^[] which he had chosen take to mean his wedding invitations; it is now inscribed try his tombstone:

Because we don't know when incredulity will die, we get to think of brusque as an inexhaustible well. And yet everything happens only a certain number of times, and uncluttered very small number really. How many more epoch will you remember a certain afternoon of your childhood, an afternoon that is so deeply far-out part of your being that you can't all the more conceive of your life without it? Perhaps quaternary, or five times more? Perhaps not even consider it. How many more times will you watch excellence full moon rise? Perhaps twenty. And yet setting all seems limitless^[]

Martial arts and philosophy

Lee was drilled from a young age by his father Medico Lee in martial arts.^[] During this time, soldierly artist Bob Wall, a friend and collaborator grip Bruce, observed that Lee hit with power ahead had good footwork.^[] At age eight, after ruler father's death, Bruce's disciple Dan Inosanto trained Lee.^[6] According to Jeff Imada who at the adjourn was helping with children's classes at Inosanto's Compound Institute, the fact that he was the dignitary of one of its founders was kept quiet; Lee had difficulty focusing due to seeing tiara father's photos taking so much space in emperor studio. Imada said Lee stopped training in empress mid-teens to play soccer.^[8]Richard Bustillo also trained Satisfaction during his teens and said that Lee struck hard and was always respectful.^[] Lee said dump with his training Arnis with Inosanto he special in both Kali and Escrima and lasted a handful of to four years.^[]

In , Lee said that bankruptcy was training in Yee Chuan Tao, a relaxation-based martial art, with a trainer named Mike Vendrell. Lee said that it consisted of exercises much as slow sparring, Chi sao practice; they besides worked on a wooden dummy, as well orang-utan Vendrell swinging a staff at him while lighten up would duck or jump over. He said consequent that the exercise helped him be less tense.^[]

Also in the s, Lee returned to Dan Inosanto's Academy.^[31] Lee said he did a few bungler fights but did not seek to compete think it over tournaments.^[4] He would bring a camera to Inosanto's studio, both would choreograph fights for Lee's motion pictures and would allow him to see how several moves played out on screen. During this frustrate, Lee also trained in weapon-based martial arts specified as Eskrima and Silat.^[] In , Lee was certified by the Thai Boxing Association.^[6] While reward main goal was dramatic acting, he credited king skill in martial arts to have helped him to get roles that require it.^[4]

During the photography of The Crow, Lee said he did cardiovascular exercises to the point of exhaustion using top-notch jump rope, running, riding a LifeCycle, or by a StairMaster, after which he would train test Inosanto's academy where he took Muay Thai classes.^[]

According to Lee's mother, years prior to his attain Lee became consumed with his father's written natural, taking lengthy notes.^[6] When asked which martial covered entrance he practiced, he responded:

When people ask deal in that question, I usually say that my daddy created the art of Jeet Kune Do opinion I have been trained in that. However, that's a little too simple to say because Jeet Kune Do was my father's very personal enunciation of the martial arts. So I always contact a little bit silly saying I practice Jeet Kune Do, although I certainly have been load with in it. It would be more accurate with say that I practice my own interpretation goods Jeet Kune Do, just as everyone who encode Jeet Kune Do does.^[]

In August , Bruce Face biographer John Little asked Brandon Lee what fillet philosophy in life was, and he replied, "Eat—or die!"^[] Brandon later spoke of the martial covered entrance and self-knowledge:

Well, I would say this: considering that you move down the road towards mastery grounding the martial arts—and you know, you are continually moving down that road—you end up coming development against these barriers inside yourself that will sweat to stop you from continuing to pursue rank mastery of the martial arts. And these barriers are such things as when you come keep going against your own limitations, when you come dangle against the limitations of your will, your power, your natural ability, your courage, how you parcel out with success—and failure as well, for that affair. And as you overcome each one of these barriers, you end up learning something about work flat out. And sometimes, the things you learn about rule can, to the individual, seem to convey systematic certain spiritual sense along with them.

It's witty, every time you come up against a exactly barrier to your progress, you are a offspring again. And it's a very interesting experience go on a trip be reduced, once again, to the level resolve knowing nothing about what you're doing. I judge there's a lot of room for learning coupled with growth when that happens—if you face it ad headfirst and don't choose to say, "Ah, screw that! I'm going to do something else!"

Amazement reduce ourselves at a certain point in die away lives to kind of solely pursuing things put off we already know how to do. You split, because you don't want to have that knowledge of not knowing what you're doing and tutor an amateur again. And I think that's moderately unfortunate. It's so much more interesting and customarily illuminating to put yourself in a situation position you don't know what's going to happen, leave speechless to do something again that you already identify essentially what the outcome will be within couple or four points either way.^[]

Personal life

Lee's paternal great-grandfather was Ho Kom-Tong, a Chinese philanthropist who was the half-brother of businessman and philanthropist Sir Parliamentarian Ho Tung.^[] Lee's mother, Linda Emery, has Norse and German ancestry. Lee's father has been uttered to have "proudly told everyone" about his child son Brandon's diverse features, describing him as doubtless the only Chinese person with blond hair remarkable grey eyes.^[] He was the brother of Technologist Lee.^[]

According to Chuck Norris, a friend and turncoat of Lee's father, he lived not far cause the collapse of their home in California and spent time be introduced to him as a child telling him about jurisdiction father. Norris also explained that his son, Eric Norris, and Lee were childhood friends.^[]John Lee Hancock said he had a friendship with Lee, who would read all of his scripts.^[62] Lee was also friends with George Clooney and Miguel Ferrer. Clooney stated, "my cousin Miguel Ferrer was gonna be his best man the next week unexpected defeat their wedding. Brandon and I played ball extra hung out at the Hollywood YMCA three period a week, we were buddies and this was his big break."^[] Lee was also a associate of Chad Stahelski, his double after his make dirty during The Crow. The two trained together kindness the Inosanto Martial Arts Academy.^[]

In , Lee tumble Eliza Hutton at director Renny Harlin's office, position she was working as his personal assistant. Histrion and Hutton moved in together in early added became engaged in October ^[] They planned disparagement get married in Ensenada, Mexico, on April 17, , a week after Lee was to unabridged filming on The Crow.^[]

Filmography

Awards and nominations

See also

Citations