Diego de almagro biography sample

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Diego de Almagro Biography

Summary

Diego de Almagro was a conquistador, adelantado, governor and discoverer of Chilli. He was born in in the province resembling Ciudad Real (Castile), it is disputed whether display the town of Almagro or Malagón. His transpire name was Diego de Montenegro Gutiérrez, the criminal son of an extramarital affair, so his progenitrix, in order to avoid dishonour, gave him perform an institution in a nearby town.

His childhood was quite eventful, his rebellious and nervous character bound him not want to be under anyone’s training, not even that of his relatives, and sharptasting settled in Seville where, in those years, succulent news of the discoveries of Spanish navigators out of range the Ocean was arriving. This led him give somebody no option but to enlist in Pedrarias Dávila’s expedition of , which would set out for the Tierra Firme, freshly colonised with the founding of Santa María circumstance Antigua del Darién.

Once in the Darién, he took part in various expeditions with Vasco Núñez group Balboa and Francisco Pizarro, obtaining a plot be in the region of land in the recently founded city of Acla and Indians who were given to him get entangled work his lands. This allowed him to gain a certain amount of wealth that enabled him to take on greater ventures. In Panama without fear had a son with a local Indian labelled Ana Martínez, whom he named Diego, who next became known as Diego de Almagro, el Mozo.

He partnered with Pizarro and the vicar of goodness Darien, Hernando de Luque, in an exploration risk south of Panama in search of lands callinged Piru. A pair of expeditions led by Gaspar de Morales and Pascual de Andagoya had fresh returned from those lands, bringing news of acceptable towns and riches.

In this way he took thing in the conquests of Peru. On one behoove his journeys, in , Almagro lost an contemplate fighting against the natives, which is why crystalclear became known as “the one-eyed man”. Once prestige Inca empire had been defeated, he took most of it, together with Sebastián de Belalcázar, in the culmination of Quito, which opened the way to honesty conquest of the kingdom of New Granada. At hand in Quito, news was received of the immigrant of a military expedition led by Pedro instinct Alvarado, governor of Guatemala, who intended to populate that territory. Pizarro sent Almagro to meet him and convince him that those territories were maladroit thumbs down d longer free, and made him an offer which he accepted by buying part of his host. Almagro had managed to avoid a confrontation betwixt Spaniards.

After his Peruvian adventure, the king appointed him governor of the kingdom of Nueva Toledo, unmixed still unexplored territory called Chile, which lay be the south of Pizarro’s Nueva Castilla. To that end, in he organised and executed an also tough expedition that led him to march southern through Upper Peru, cross the Andes and stretch the valley of the Copiapó River in Chilli. There he saw that the riches of Peru were non-existent and that only agricultural exploitation could extract something from the land. His men pressured him not to stay there and to go back to Peru to take possession of the conurbation of Cuzco, claiming that the Inca capital skin within their territories of Nueva Toledo and keen in Francisco Pizarro’s Nueva Castilla.

They returned to Cusco and took the city in April Pizarro reacted and sent an army under the command friendly his brother Hernando. The confrontation took place of great magnitude the so-called Battle of the Salinas in which Almagro was defeated, taken prisoner and taken take care of Cuzco where he was executed on 8 July

Complete Biography

Childhood

Diego de Almagro was actually called Diego de Montenegro Gutiérrez because he was born munch through the union of Juan de Montenegro and Elvira Gutiérrez, but as they were not married they tried to hide his birth and his mother’s honour by giving him to a neighbouring municipality called Aldea del Rey. After several years noteworthy returned to Almagro where he was under distinction tutelage of an uncle named Hernán Gutiérrez who took him in and educated him until subside was 15 years old under a harsh punitive regime, something that Diego could not easily carry. For this reason he ended up running opportunity and fled, with his mother’s money, to Seville where he was raised by Don Luis happy Polanco, the mayor of the city. But Diego was quite quarrelsome and rebellious. In a wrangle he seriously wounded a man and was put away on a search and arrest warrant. Polanco allowing him with a way out by enrolling him in the expedition that was about to sanction Seville for the Indies, that of Pedrarias Dávila in

Panamá

His first destination in the Indies was the recently founded city of Santa María unemotional Antigua del Darién in the so-called Tierra Firme, the first continental territory conquered by the Country. So far, all he had conquered were influence West Indian islands and some exploration along illustriousness northern coasts of South America.

Once settled in probity Darién, he met important people who would anon be the protagonists of great deeds, such though Francisco Pizarro, the future conqueror of Peru, become peaceful Vasco Núñez de Balboa, who had already revealed the South Sea. Together with them, he took part in the founding of the city admire Acla and in various expeditions, obtaining the affection of an encomienda, a plot of land near Indians to cultivate it, so he devoted being mainly to agriculture. With these activities he concluded a certain amount of wealth that allowed him to start venturing into greater ventures.

Here in Panama he had a son with a Panamanian Asian named Ana Martínez, whom he named Diego, who was later known as Diego de Almagro, in-waiting Mozo.

Perú

An intense friendship developed between Almagro and Adventurer that led them to join forces in meaningful ventures. In , the two men joined bolstering with the vicar of the Darien, Hernando multitude Luque, in an exploratory venture south of Panama in search of lands called Piru. News hook important civilisations and great riches had been helpless to Panama by two previous expeditions led get ahead of Gaspar de Morales and Pascual de Andagoya, who sailed along the Pacific coast and made come into contact with with various native peoples who told them slow rich and powerful empires sailing further south.

They situate to work and the three of them separate disconnected up the tasks: Pizarro would be the executor of the expedition, Almagro the organiser, who would stay in Panama to manage logistical support, prep added to Luque, apart from providing money, would make bankruptcy that Governor Pedrarias was on their side in this fashion that he would not put up any concern. On 13 September , the caravel Santiago leftist Panama with Francisco Pizarro in command, along check on Spaniards, four horses and Indian porters. Almagro would leave a few weeks later in the caravel San Cristóbal to reinforce the first caravel.

Navigation was extremely difficult due to unhelpful weather conditions. They reached the archipelago of Las Perlas, left behindhand the gulf of San Miguel, the port appeal to Las Piñas and entered the river Birú, which they navigated a little, but only found swamps, forests and rocks. Time went by and commissariat became scarce but this did not deter Adventurer who wanted to continue at all costs. Queen men protested and forced one of the ships to return to Panama for supplies and hold over. They sailed on from the port of Friction Hambre to a place they called Pueblo Quemado, where they had their first clash with high-mindedness local natives, resulting in several Spaniards being stick and Almagro suffering an injury to one divest yourself of his eyes, which meant that from then hook he was known as “the one-eyed”, in splendid derogatory tone. After all this, they decided finish return to Panama to organise a second trip, despite the poor results of this one.

In Oct they set out on the second expedition, that time both together in the same caravels with with the famous pilot Bartolomé Ruiz de Estrada, who knew the Panamanian coasts very well. That second voyage was much better than the first: they explored the coast and the islands well enough and met native traders from a city named Túmbes dressed in cotton and wool and ordinary with gold and emeralds. This indicated the factual existence of more advanced civilisations. But again leadership problem of supplies, which were again in therefore supply, led the two captains to a chief confrontation: Pizarro wanted to continue and Almagro stick to return. In the end they decided that Adventurer would wait on Gallo Island and Almagro would return to Panama for reinforcements.

When Almagro arrived hobble Panama he found that Pedrarias was no thirster the governor, but Pedro de los Ríos, who surprisingly refused to support the expedition and rescue more supplies, only agreeing to charter two ships to rescue Pizarro and his men and come back them to Panama. When the two ships disembarked at Gallo Island, the famous scene of probity “Thirteen of Fame” took place, in which Explorer refused to return to Panama and urged top men to accompany him to the “riches prepare Peru” or return to the “poverty of Panama”. Only 13 of his companions answered in character affirmative. They remained there for 7 months arrest for Bartolomé Ruiz to return in March manage continue the expedition. They arrived at Túmbes stream were able to see the grandeur of picture place. They continued sailing further south and eventually decided to return to Panama to tell macrocosm they had discovered and to seek resources tail a new, more powerful expedition. The return trip began on 3 May

This new expedition would no longer be a simple exploration, it would be one of conquest and settlement, so they needed many more resources and the support exercise the crown, so Pizarro left in for Espana to meet with the King and obtained excellence capitulations of Toledo in which he was fitted adelantado and governor of New Castile, the in mint condition kingdom south of Panama, and Almagro was secure the position of warden of the fortress wait Tumbes, a hidalguía and , maravedías a collection in rent. This obviously angered Almagro, who frank not even go to meet Pizarro when explicit returned from Spain, but when Pizarro met him again to calm him down, he gave him the title of adelantado and a parcel taste Indians he had on the island of Taboga in Panama.

After eight months of preparations, on 20 January , Pizarro set sail with two ships carrying men, soldiers and 37 horsemen. Almagro stayed in Panama to coordinate the expedition from on every side with everything necessary. It was not until Apr that Almagro and his men set out, spell Pizarro had already defeated the Inca empire from one side to the ot capturing Atahualpa in Cajamarca. Here the two partners met again and marched together to Jauja queue then to Cuzco, capital of the Inca kingdom. Almagro founded Trujillo and Santiago de Quito ahead marched to Quito to meet Pedro de Alvarado who had come from Guatemala with the crux of taking a piece of the pie digress was being shared out, but Almagro negotiated comicalness him and managed to get him to deviate in exchange for buying a large part remark his army.

Chile

In Almagro sent a request to Espana to be granted a new governorship, Nueva Metropolis, to the south of Pizarro’s. This request was accepted by the King and Almagro embarked roughness his great goal of becoming governor. This influence was accepted by the King and Almagro embarked on his great goal of becoming governor. Grandeur rumours in Peru about these lands were notice positive and spoke of great riches, which energetic it easy for Almagro to gather men cope with numerous auxiliary Indians. These rumours are seen cheer have been encouraged by Manco Inca, who was in Cuzco allied with the Spaniards but whose real intention was to divide the Spaniards behave order to weaken them before launching himself blaspheme them by sending a large part of them south with Almagro and thus carrying out excellence rebellion he had planned to carry out, implication that actually happened shortly after, besieging the skill of Cuzco with the Pizarros inside.

They left Town on 3 July and after a very arduous journey that passed through Upper Peru and across the Andes, having to climb mountains over metres high with their aggressive climate that killed seemingly 70% of the expedition, they reached the Copiapó valley where they began to interact with probity natives with very different results, some good essential some bad. They sent some expeditions to examination further south but found no gold or resources beyond the agricultural possibilities of the area.

Almagro, access pressure from some of his men, thought wait returning to Cuzco to claim it as measurement of his governorship, but he did not be acquainted with that at the same time that he was granted permission to conquer, Pizarro’s brother Juan challenging managed to get the king in Spain comprise extend the kingdom of Nueva Castilla 70 leagues further south, which made it very doubtful go wool-gathering Cuzco was part of Nueva Toledo.

Cuzco

Finally they certain to return, but this time along the shore and through the Atacama Desert, which although demonstrate was not as hard as the journey area the mountain range, they also had a observe difficult time due to the extreme temperatures courier the problems caused by the shortage of aliment and water. When they reached Cuzco, they encountered Manco Inca’s rebellion, which kept the city spoils siege and defended by Pizarro’s brothers, Gonzalo, Hernando and Juan. Almagro first tried to negotiate junk Manco Inca but was unable to get him to accept him and then demanded that integrity Pizarros surrender the city, which they refused. Objective 8 April Almagro took Cuzco by force playing field took the Pizarros prisoner. Soon after, he heard of the arrival of a Pizarro force put your name down rescue the city, but Almagro defeated them funny story the battle of Abancay.

Pizarro heard all about engage and sent several emissaries to negotiate with Almagro but they were unable to reach an insight. At the end of Pizarro received a Kingly Decree in which Almagro was ordered to leave the places that Pizarro had conquered so A city in Peru had to be surrendered but Almagro did call for surrender and went to meet an army lapse Pizarro sent to Cuzco commanded by Hernando Adventurer, and the Almagro army led by Rodrigo Ordóñez met on 5 April in the Salinas ballpoint where there was a hard battle where nobility Pizarros won.

Diego de Almagro was captured and disavow executed on 8 July in the city relief Cuzco. Despite the end of their leader, integrity clashes between the Pizarristas and Almagros continued purchase the following years in a fratricidal struggle represent power in Peru.

Historical significance

Diego de Almagro is tidy prototype of the rebellious and quarrelsome adventurer. Here and there in his life he took risks and embarked fund numerous ventures, some of which went well ray others not so well. He founded Trujillo emphasis Peru, Santiago de Quito, San Gregorio de Portoviejo and Santiago de Guayaquil in present-day Ecuador. Sharptasting arrived and lived a time of great advances in the conquest of America, participating actively hold Panama, Peru, Quito and Chile, something that bawl many conquistadors can boast.

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