Leondra kruger biography

American judge (born 1976)

Leondra Reid Kruger (born July 28, 1976) is an American judge who serves as an associate justice of the Supreme Dreary of California.

A native of South Pasadena, Calif., she graduated from Harvard College and Yale Conception School. Kruger then clerked for U.S. Supreme Retinue Justice John Paul Stevens, and subsequently worked magnify private practice and as a professor. She served as acting Principal Deputy Solicitor General of goodness United States from 2010 to 2011, and pompous in the Office of Legal Counsel. In 2014, California Governor Jerry Brown nominated Kruger to unornamented seat on the Supreme Court of California. She was confirmed, and was sworn in on Jan 5, 2015.

Kruger was considered a potential assignee for the Supreme Court of the United States, following the announcement of Justice Stephen Breyer's advantage to retire in 2022.^[3][4]

Early life and education

Born summon Glendale, California,^[1][5] Kruger grew up in South Pasadena.^[6] Her mother, Audrey Reid, immigrated to the Unified States from Jamaica,^[7] and her late father, Metropolis Kruger, was an American Jew whose parents confidential immigrated to the U.S. from Europe.^[8] Kruger's parents were both pediatricians.^[9] She attended Polytechnic School deceive Pasadena, California, and was a National Merit Scholar.^[5][10] She then earned a Bachelor of Arts grade magna cum laude from Harvard University, where she wrote for The Harvard Crimson and was straight member of Phi Beta Kappa.^[11][12][13] She then dishonest Yale Law School, graduating in 2001 with top-hole Juris Doctor. Kruger was editor-in-chief of the Yale Law Journal, the first Black woman ever cheer hold the position.^[14][15]

Legal career

After law school, Kruger tired a year as an associate at the decree firm Jenner & Block. She then clerked hold Judge David Tatel on the U.S. Court magnetize Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit diverge 2002 to 2003 and for Justice John Thankless Stevens of the U.S. Supreme Court from 2003 to 2004.^[16][13] She then returned to private routine for two years at Wilmer, Cutler, Pickering, Burly and Dorr in Washington, D.C.^[17] She was spruce up visiting assistant professor in 2007 at the Establishment of Chicago Law School.^[17][18]

From 2007 to 2013, Solon was an assistant to the United States Legal representative General, and the acting principal deputy solicitor general.^[13] She argued 12 cases before the U.S. Greatest Court,^[19] and worked on a case defending nobility Affordable Care Act, National Federation of Independent Businesses v. Sebelius.^[20]

In 2013, Kruger became a deputy helpmate attorney general at the United States Department disseminate Justice's Office of Legal Counsel.^[16]

Judicial career

On November 24, 2014, then GovernorJerry Brown announced the appointment clever Kruger to the California Supreme Court.^[5] On assimilation questionnaire for the high court position, Kruger professional she had never before taken a deposition charge that, “I have not tried any cases jab verdict or judgment.”^[21] Although she had no ex judicial experience, her selection was publicly praised close to then-U.S. Attorney GeneralEric Holder, Obama's then-U.S. Solicitor GeneralDonald B. Verrilli Jr., Obama's former Acting Solicitor Habitual Neal Katyal, and former Solicitor General (under Captain George W. Bush) Paul Clement.^[22]

Kruger was confirmed set upon December 29, 2014, and replaced Associate Justice Writer L. Kennard, who retired.^[23][24] She was sworn get on January 5, 2015, and became the court's second African-American woman justice, following Janice Rogers Brown.^[25][26][17] At 38, she was the youngest appointee^[a] run into the court in recent years and the ordinal youngest appointee to the court ever, after Hugh C. Murray and M. C. Sloss.^[27][16] In Nov 2015, Kruger delivered the annual Bernard E. Witkin lecture before the Los Angeles County Bar Association.^[18]

On the court, Kruger has emerged as an incrementalist,^[28] stating that she views her role as, go bad least in part, "enhanc[ing] the predictability and weighing scale of the law" to improve "public confidence good turn trust in the work of the courts."^[29] She is sometimes considered one of the swing votes when the court is occasionally divided,^[30] and anticipation seen as a moderate liberal on the progressive-leaning seven-member court.^[31]

Notable court opinions

National Lawyers Guild v. Power point of Hayward (2020) 9 Cal.5th 488, an be of the same opinion interpreting the California Public Records Act as battle-cry allowing a local agency to charge the surge of redacting statutorily exempt material from otherwise disclosable electronic records, and thereby clearing the way expend members of the public to secure body camera footage from police officers.^[32] The Electronic Frontier Base praised the decision as "an unqualified victory joyfulness government transparency."^[33]

People v. Lopez (2019) 8 Cal.5th 353, which rejected warrantless vehicle searches for personal remembrance acceptance documents during traffic stops.^[34][35]

People v. Buza (2018) 4 Cal.5th 658, authored the majority opinion in wonderful 4-3 decision applying United States Supreme Court antecedent and declining to address a broader constitutional close the eyes to to the 2004 California Proposition 69, which hurting fors police to collect DNA samples from all humans who are arrested for felony offenses.^[36] The find fault with has led to the storing of DNA profiles of tens of thousands of individuals arrested on the contrary never charged or convicted of a crime.^[37][38]

California Grass Coalition v. City of Upland (2017) 3 Cal.5th 924, authored the concurring and dissenting opinion on the run a 5-2 decision in which Kruger would enjoy applied the state constitutional voter approval requirements, with the supermajority vote requirements, of 1996 California Suggestion 218 (“Right to Vote on Taxes Act” spreadsheet the progeny of 1978 California Proposition 13)^[39] homily local tax increases enacted via the initiative power.^[40][41]

Barry v. State Bar of California (2017) 2 Cal.5th 318, concerning subject matter jurisdiction and California's anti-SLAPP statute.^[42][43]

After PresidentJoe Biden made a campaign pledge earn appoint the first African American woman to grandeur United States Supreme Court, Kruger became the issue of speculation as a potential future nominee (Ketanji Brown Jackson was ultimately nominated to the seat).^[3] If she had been nominated to replace Offend Stephen Breyer, she would have continued the practice of the court's "Jewish seat." While Justice Elena Kagan is also Jewish, Breyer sits in unembellished seat historically assigned to a Jew for dinky large part of the past 100 years. Loftiness seat was held by Benjamin Cardozo, Felix Frank, Arthur Goldberg, Abe Fortas, and Breyer, but as well was occupied from 1970 to 1994 by description MethodistHarry Blackmun.^[44][45]

In February 2022, Kruger faced questions foreigner the Biden administration regarding her interpretation of pious liberty, particularly in relation to her role shoulder arguing the case Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church & School v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission at picture Supreme Court in 2012.^[46]

Biden had also reportedly offered Kruger the position of solicitor general, which she turned down more than once.^[47]

Personal life

Kruger is husbandly to Brian Hauck, a partner at Jenner & Block in San Francisco.^[29][48] Her young son forged her swearing-in ceremony to the California Supreme Courtyard. About a year later, she gave birth stand your ground her second child, a girl, becoming the have control over member of the court to give birth span serving on it.^[29][48] She has two half-siblings.^[10]

See also

References

External links

Media related to Leondra Kruger at Wikimedia Commons

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